Chitsulo cha Tubesheet chopangira Kutentha
Mu mawerengedwe a kapangidwe ka zosinthira kutentha za chubu chokhazikika, ngati pali vuto lomwe kupsinjika kwa axial kwa chipolopolo, kupsinjika kwa axial kwa chubu chosinthira kutentha, kapena mphamvu yokoka pakati pa chubu chosinthira kutentha ndi chubu sizingakwaniritse zofunikira za mphamvu (kapena kukhazikika), zimakhala zofunikira kukhazikitsa cholumikizira chokulitsa. Nthawi zina, mutazindikira makulidwe a chubu, mphamvu ya chubu sichingakhale yokwanira popanda cholumikizira chokulitsa. Komabe, powonjezera cholumikizira chokulitsa, makulidwe a chubu amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira. Pazochitika zotere, chisankho chokhazikitsa cholumikizira chokulitsa chiyenera kutengera kuwunika kwathunthu kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu, zovuta zopangira, chitetezo, ndi zotsatira zachuma.
Mtundu wofala wa cholumikizira chowonjezera mu zosinthira kutentha za chubu chokhazikika ndi cholumikizira chowonjezera chooneka ngati U, chomwe ndi chaching'ono, chosavuta kupanga, chili ndi mphamvu zabwino zolipirira, komanso chotsika mtengo. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa zida zamagetsi ndi malo opangira magetsi, mainchesi a machubu akhala akulu, ndipo mainchesi a 4m mpaka 5m ndi ofala. Machubu akuluakulu amadziwika ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono ambiri okhala ndi zozama zambiri komanso zofunikira kwambiri.
Mapepala a chubu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga zosinthira kutentha kwa chipolopolo ndi chubu, ma boiler, zotengera zopanikizika, ma turbine, ndi makina akuluakulu oziziritsira mpweya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pothandizira ndikukhazikitsa machubu m'mabotolo a mankhwala, monga zosinthira kutentha kwa chipolopolo ndi chubu, zotengera zopanikizika, ma boiler, zokondetsa, makina oziziritsira mpweya wapakati, zotulutsa mpweya, ndi zomera zochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja. Chitsulo cha mapepala a chubu sichimangopereka kulimba kwakukulu komanso chimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuyende bwino.
Pakupanga zotenthetsera kutentha za chipolopolo ndi machubu, kuwotcherera kwa pepala la chubu ndi machubu nthawi zambiri kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwachitsulo chotetezedwa ndi manja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika mu mawonekedwe a weld, monga kutsekeka, ma pores, ndi zinthu zina, komanso kufalikira kwa kupsinjika kwa weld kosafanana. Zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, zigawo za pepala la chubu nthawi zambiri zimakumana ndi madzi ozizira a mafakitale, zomwe zingayambitse dzimbiri la pepala la chubu ndi ma weld chifukwa cha zinthu zosafunika, mchere, mpweya, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi ozizira a mafakitale—izi zimadziwika kuti electrochemical corrosion.
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti madzi a m'mafakitale, kaya ndi abwino kapena a m'nyanja, ali ndi ma ayoni osiyanasiyana ndi mpweya wosungunuka, ndipo kusiyana kwa ma ayoni a chlorine ndi mpweya kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga dzimbiri la zitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta za kapangidwe ka chitsulo zimathanso kukhudza mawonekedwe a dzimbiri. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yayikulu ya dzimbiri ya machubu ndi machubu olumikizira ndi dzimbiri lozungulira ndi dzimbiri lozungulira.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti kumasulira kumeneku kukufotokoza bwino zomwe mwapereka.