Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare: Ubukungu bw'igihugu buri kuzamuka kandi butera imbere

2024-05-24

Muri Mata, munsi y’ubuyobozi bukomeye bwa Komite Nkuru ya CPC hamwe na mugenzi we xi w’ingenzi, inzego z’akarere zashyize mu bikorwa ibyemezo bya Komite Nkuru ya CPC n’Inama Njyanama ya Leta, zikomeza gushaka kunoza imiterere y’akazi gahamye, zuzuza, zikora neza, zishyira mu bikorwa byuzuye igitekerezo gishya cy’iterambere, zihutisha kubaka imiterere mishya y’iterambere, ziteza imbere iterambere rifite ireme, zikongera imbaraga mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki rusange, iterambere rirambye, ibiciro by’umusaruro muri rusange byiza by’akazi, ibyifuzo by’abaturage bikomeje gutera imbere, iterambere rifite ireme ryatewe intambwe ihamye, ubukungu bw’igihugu buhamye muri rusange, zikomeza kuzamuka umuvuduko mwiza.

1. Umusaruro w'inganda wihutishijwe, kandi inganda zikora ibikoresho n'inganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho byariyongereye cyane

Muri Mata, agaciro k’inganda karenze ingano yagenwe kiyongereyeho 6.7% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, amanota 2.2 ku ijana yihuta ugereranyije n’ukwezi gushize; hamwe n’izamuka rya 0.97% ukwezi ku kwezi. Mu byiciro bitatu, agaciro k’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro kiyongereyeho 2.0% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, inganda ziyongeraho 7.5%, naho umusaruro n’itangwa ry’amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe, gazi n’amazi bizamukaho 5.8%. Agaciro k’ibikoresho by’inganda kiyongereyeho 9.9%, amanota 3.9 ku ijana yihuta ugereranyije n’ukwezi gushize; agaciro k’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ryiyongereyeho 11.3%, amanota 3.7 ku ijana yihuta. Ukurikije ubwoko bw’ubukungu, agaciro k’ibigo bya leta kiyongereyeho 5.4%, ibigo bihuriweho n’imigabane ku kigero cya 6.9%, ibigo by’abanyamahanga biturutse muri Hong Kong, Macao na Tayiwani ku kigero cya 6.2%, n’ibigo byigenga ku kigero cya 6.3%. Ukurikije umusaruro, umusaruro w'ibikoresho byo gucapa bya 3D, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu n'ibicuruzwa bihuza amashanyarazi byiyongereyeho 55.0%, 39.2% na 31.9%, uko bikurikirana. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, agaciro k'inganda karenze ingano yagenwe kiyongereyeho 6.3% ugereranyije n'umwaka, bikiyongeraho 0.2% ugereranyije n'uko byagenze muri Mutarama kugeza muri Werurwe. Muri Mata, igipimo cy'abashinzwe kugura inganda cyari kuri 50.4%, naho igipimo cy'iteganyagihe cy'umusaruro w'ibigo n'ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi cyari kuri 55.2%. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Werurwe, inyungu yose y'inganda zirenze ingano yagenwe mu gihugu hose yageze kuri miliyari 1.505.5 z'amayuan, yiyongereyeho 4.3% ugereranyije n'umwaka.

2. Urwego rwa serivisi rwakomeje kuzamuka

Muri Mata, igipimo cy’umusaruro mu rwego rw’igihugu cya serivisi cyariyongereyeho 3.5% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Binyuze mu nganda, igipimo cy’umusaruro mu bijyanye no kohereza amakuru, porogaramu na serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, gukodesha no gutanga serivisi z’ubucuruzi, imari, ubwikorezi, kubika no gutanga serivisi z’iposita cyariyongereyeho 10.8%, 6.1%, 5.4% na 4.3%, uko bikurikirana, kigera kuri 7.3, 2.6, 1.9 na 0.8% byihuse kurusha igipimo cy’umusaruro mu nganda za serivisi. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, igipimo cy’umusaruro mu rwego rw’igihugu mu rwego rw’umusaruro cyariyongereyeho 5.0% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Werurwe, amafaranga yinjira mu bikorwa by’ibigo bya serivisi arenze ingano yagenwe yiyongereyeho 8.5% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Muri Mata, igipimo cy’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu rwego rw’imirimo cyari 50.3%, naho igipimo cy’ibiteganijwe mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu rwego rw’imirimo cyari 57.4%. Muri byo, igipimo cy’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu bijyanye no gutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi, gutwara abantu mu muhanda, serivisi z’iposita, itumanaho, radiyo na televiziyo, na serivisi zo kohereza amakuru kuri satelite kiri mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi rurenga 55.0%.

3. Igurishwa ry'isoko ryakomeje kwiyongera

Muri Mata, ibicuruzwa byose byagurishijwe mu bucuruzi byageze kuri miliyari 3.569.9 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 2.3% ugereranyije n'umwaka; hamwe n'izamuka rya 0.03% ugereranyije n'ukwezi. Ukurikije aho biherereye, ibicuruzwa byo mu mijyi byagurishijwe byageze kuri miliyari 3.102.6 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 2.1% ugereranyije n'umwaka; ibicuruzwa byo mu cyaro byagurishijwe byageze kuri miliyari 467.3 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 3.5%. Ukurikije ubwoko bw'ikoreshwa, ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe mu bucuruzi byari miliyari 3.1784 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 2.0%; amafaranga yinjira mu ifunguro yari miliyari 391.5 z'amayuan, yiyongereyeho 4.4%. Igurishwa ry'ibikoresho by'ibanze n'ibindi bicuruzwa byavuguruwe ryariyongereye cyane. Igurishwa ry'ibikoresho by'itumanaho ku bikoresho birengeje ingano yagenwe, siporo, imyidagaduro, ibinyampeke, amavuta, ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa ryiyongereyeho 13.3%, 12.7%, 8.5% na 6.4%, uko bikurikirana. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, igiteranyo cy’ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa byagurishijwe cyageze kuri tiriyari 15.602.6 z’amayuan, byiyongereyeho 4.1% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. Ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa byagurishijwe kuri interineti byageze kuri miliyari 4.411 z’amayuan, byiyongereyeho 11.5% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. Muri ibi, ibicuruzwa bicuruzwa bifatika byagurishijwe kuri interineti byageze kuri miliyari 3.7356 z’amayuan, byiyongereyeho 11.1%, bingana na 23.9% by’ibicuruzwa bigurishwa byose. Mu gihe cya Mutarama-Mata, ibicuruzwa bigurishwa ku bucuruzi byazamutseho 8.4% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.

4. Ishoramari mu mitungo itimukanwa ryarongerewe

Ishoramari ry’inganda zigezweho ryazamutse cyane kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, ishoramari ry’umutungo utimukanwa mu gihugu (usibye ingo zo mu cyaro) ryari miliyari 14.4401 z’amayuan, ryiyongereyeho 4.2% ugereranyije n’umwaka; hatabariwemo ishoramari ryo mu iterambere ry’ubutaka, ishoramari ry’umutungo utimukanwa mu gihugu ryiyongereyeho 8.9%. Ukurikije urwego, ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo ryiyongereyeho 6.0%, ishoramari mu nganda ryiyongereyeho 9.7%, naho ishoramari mu iterambere ry’ubutaka riragabanukaho 9.8%. Ubuso bw’amazu y’ubucuruzi yubatswe bushya bwari metero kare miliyoni 292.52, bwagabanutseho 20.2% ugereranyije n’umwaka; umubare w’amazu mashya y’ubucuruzi wari miliyari 2806.7 z’amayuan, wagabanutseho 28.3%. Ukurikije inganda, ishoramari mu nganda z’ibanze ryiyongereyeho 1.9%, inganda z’inyongeraho 13.0%, n’inganda z’inyongeraho 0.3%. Ishoramari ry’abikorera ryiyongereyeho 0.3%; hatabariwemo ishoramari mu iterambere ry’ubutaka, ishoramari ry’abikorera ryiyongereyeho 7.2%. Ishoramari mu nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rihanitse ryiyongereyeho 11.1% ugereranyije n'umwaka, muri zo ishoramari mu nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rihanitse na serivisi zikora ikoranabuhanga rihanitse ryiyongereyeho 9.7% na 14.5%. Mu nganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, ishoramari mu by'indege, ibyogajuru n'ibikoresho ndetse n'inganda zikora mudasobwa n'ibiro byiyongereyeho 49.6% na 10.2%; muri serivisi zikora ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, ishoramari muri serivisi z'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti na serivisi z'amakuru ryiyongereyeho 27.6% na 19.9%. Muri Mata, ishoramari ry'umutungo utimukanwa (usibye ingo zo mu cyaro) ryagabanutseho 0.03% ugereranyije n'ukwezi.

5. Ubwiyongere bw'ibicuruzwa byinjira n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye cyane

Muri Mata, ingano y'ibicuruzwa byinjira n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageze kuri miliyari 3.638.9 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 8.0% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize. Muri ayo mafaranga, ibyoherejwe mu mahanga byari miliyari 2.076.2 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 5.1%; ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 1.562.7 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 12.2%. Ibitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byagabanijweho n'amafaranga y'ubucuruzi angana na miliyari 513.5 z'amayuan. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, ingano y'ibitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageze kuri tiriyari 1.38053 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 5.7%. Muri ayo mafaranga, ibyoherejwe mu mahanga byari miliyari 7811.3 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 4.9%; ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 5994 z'amayuan, byiyongereyeho 6.8%. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, ibicuruzwa byinjira n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 5.3%, bingana na 65.1% by'ibitumizwa mu mahanga n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose. Ibicuruzwa byigenga bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 10.7%, bingana na 54.6% by’ibicuruzwa byose bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, bingana na 2.5% ugereranyije n’igihe nk’icyo cy’umwaka ushize. Ibicuruzwa by’imashini n’amashanyarazi byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 6.9%, bingana na 59.2% by’ibicuruzwa byose byoherejwe mu mahanga.

6. Imiterere y'akazi muri rusange irahamye

Igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu mijyi cyasuzumwe kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, kandi impuzandengo y’ubushomeri mu mijyi yasuzumwe yari 5.2 ku ijana, yagabanutseho 0.2 ku ijana ugereranyije n’igihe nk’icyo cy’umwaka ushize. Muri Mata, igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu mijyi cyasuzumwe cyari 5.0 ku ijana, cyagabanutseho 0.2 ku ijana ugereranyije n’ukwezi gushize n’umwaka ushize. Igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu mijyi cyasuzumwe cyari 5.1%, cyagabanutseho 0.9% ugereranyije n’ukwezi gushize n’umwaka ushize. Igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu bakozi biyandikishije bo mu gace ni 5.1%; igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu bakozi bimukira cyasuzumwe ni 4.9%, naho igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu bakozi bimukira biyandikishije mu buhinzi ni 4.5%. Igipimo cy’ubushomeri mu mijyi 31 minini cyasuzumwe cyari 5.0 ku ijana. Igihe cy’akazi cy’abakozi mu bigo binini mu gihugu cyose ni amasaha 48.5.

7. Izamuka ry'ibiciro by'abaguzi ryakomeje kwiyongera uko umwaka utashye, mu gihe igabanuka ry'ibiciro by'abakora ibicuruzwa ryagabanutse uko umwaka utashye

Muri Mata, igipimo cy’ibiciro ku rwego rw’igihugu (CPI) cyazamutseho 0.3% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, amanota 0.2 ku ijana hejuru y’ukwezi gushize; 0.1% ugereranyije n’ukwezi, kugabanukaho 1.0% mu kwezi gushize. Ukurikije icyiciro, ibiciro by’ibiribwa, itabi n’inzoga byagabanutseho 1.4% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, ibiciro by’imyenda byazamutseho 1.6%, ibiciro by’amazu kugabanukaho 0.2%, ibikoresho n’imirimo ya buri munsi kugabanukaho 1.4%, ibiciro by’ubwikorezi n’itumanaho kugabanukaho 0.1%, uburezi, umuco n’imyidagaduro kugabanukaho 1.8%, ubuvuzi kugabanukaho 1.6%, n’ibindi bikoresho na serivisi kugabanukaho 3.8%. Mu biciro by’ibiribwa, itabi n’inzoga, ibiciro by’imbuto nshya byagabanutseho 9.7%, ibiciro by’ibinyampeke byazamutseho 0.5%, ibiciro by’imboga nshya byazamutseho 1.3% naho ibiciro by’ingurube bizamukaho 1.4%. Uretse ibiciro by’ibiribwa n’ingufu, CPI y’ingenzi yazamutseho 0.7 ku ijana ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, amanota 0.1 ku ijana hejuru y’ukwezi gushize. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, ibiciro by'abaguzi mu Bushinwa byazamutseho 0.1% ugereranyije n'umwaka. Muri Mata, igiciro cy'umusaruro ku rwego rw'igihugu cyagabanutseho 2.5% ugereranyije n'umwaka, amanota 0.3 ku ijana ari munsi y'ukwezi gushize; 0.2%. Igiciro cyo kugura cy'abakora inganda cyagabanutseho 3.0% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize na 0.3% ugereranije n'ukwezi. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Mata, ibiciro by'abakora inganda n'ibiciro byo kugura byagabanutseho 2.7% na 3.3%, uko bikurikirana, ukurikije umwaka. Muri rusange, ubukungu bw'igihugu bwagenze neza muri Mata, nubwo bimwe mu bimenyetso byagaragaye mu kwezi gutandukanye n'uko byari bimeze mu minsi mikuru, umwaka umwe warazamutse cyane, ariko inganda, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, imirimo, ibiciro n'ibipimo by'ingenzi nko gutera imbere muri rusange, ingufu nshya zikomeza kwiyongera, ubukungu bw'igihugu bukomeje kuzamuka cyane, ibintu byiza byiyongera. Ku rundi ruhande, tugomba kwemera ko ibidukikije byo hanze birushaho kuba ingorabahizi, bikomeye kandi bitazwi, kandi ubukungu buracyafite ingorane n'ibibazo byinshi nubwo bukomeje kuzamuka no gutera imbere. Icyiciro gikurikiraho, ni ugukurikiza xi jinping, igihe gishya cya gisosiyalisiti ifite imiterere y’Ubushinwa nk'umuyobozi, gushyira mu bikorwa byuzuye umwuka w’inama y’ibiro bya politiki bya komite nkuru, gukomeza gushaka kunoza umutekano, gukora buri gihe, kurangiza, gukora neza, gushyira mu bikorwa byuzuye igitekerezo gishya cy’iterambere, kwihutisha kubaka imiterere mishya y’iterambere, guharanira guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubuziranenge, gushyira mu bikorwa politiki rusange neza, gushimangira no gukomeza umuvuduko wo kuzamuka k’ubukungu, gukomeza guteza imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubukungu rifite ireme n’ubwinshi bw’iterambere rikwiye.