Intshayelelo ephambili yezinto zokwenza imveliso

1. Iimpawu eziphambili zezinto zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kunye namasimi esicelo

①Intsimbi yeCarbon

Intsimbi yekhabhoni sisixhobo sentsimbi kunye ne-ferric carbon alloy esiqulethe izinto zekhabhoni, esihlala siqulathe phakathi kwe-0.12% kunye ne-2.0%. Ngokweenkalo ezahlukeneyo zekhabhoni, intsimbi yekhabhoni yahlulwe yaba yintsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi (umxholo wekhabhoni ungaphantsi kwe-0.3%), intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi (umxholo wekhabhoni ngu-0.3% -0.6%) kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu (umxholo wekhabhoni ungaphezulu kwe-0.6%). Intsimbi yekhabhoni inobunkunkqele obuhle, ukuwelda kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zesakhiwo, kwiindawo zoomatshini, kwimveliso yeemoto nakwezinye iindawo.

②Intsimbi ye-alloy

Intsimbi ye-alloy yimveliso yentsimbi enezinye izinto ze-alloy (ezifana ne-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, njl.njl.) ezongezwa ngokusekelwe kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ukuphucula iimpawu zayo zoomatshini, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Intsimbi ye-alloy inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokwemilinganiselo yokongezwa kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kwezinto ze-alloy ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, intsimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeemoto kunye neshishini leenqwelo moya, kwaye intsimbi ye-manganese isetyenziswa ekwenzeni iindawo ezingagugiyo.

③Intsimbi engatyiwayo

Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yintsimbi engagqwaliyo, izinto eziphambili yi-chromium (ngesiqhelo phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-30% yomxholo) kunye ne-nickel. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yahlulwe yaba yintsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenite, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-ferrite kunye nentsimbi engagqwali ye-martensite. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yase-Austenitic inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kunye nokucubungula, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zasekhitshini, kwiimpahla zokuhombisa izakhiwo, kwizixhobo zeekhemikhali nakwamanye amacandelo.

④Intsimbi yomngundo

Intsimbi ye-die yintsimbi ekhethekileyo esetyenziswa ekwenzeni ii-molds, enobunzima obuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nempembelelo. Ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zenkqubo, intsimbi ye-mold yemizi-mveliso inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ye-mold ebandayo, intsimbi ye-mold eshushu, intsimbi ye-die yeplastiki kunye nezinye iintlobo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-molds zeplastiki, ii-mold ezisebenzisa i-die-casting kunye nezinye iindawo.

⑤Umbhobho wentsimbi

Umbhobho wentsimbi luhlobo lombhobho wentsimbi engenanto, onokwahlulwa ube ngumbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa. Umbhobho wentsimbi usetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, kushishino lweekhemikhali, ekuveliseni oomatshini, ekwakheni nakwamanye amasimi, uneempawu zomthamo onamandla wokuthwala, ukumelana noxinzelelo oluhle kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Umbhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo ufanelekile kwimeko yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, ngelixa umbhobho wentsimbi edibeneyo ufanelekile kubunjineli ngokubanzi kunye nolwakhiwo.

2. Unyango lobushushu kunye nonyango lomphezulu

Iimpawu zezinto zentsimbi zingaphuculwa ngonyango lobushushu kunye nonyango lomphezulu. Unyango lobushushu luquka ukuqhoboshela, ukutsha okuqhelekileyo, ukucima kunye nezinye iinkqubo, ezinokulungisa ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi kunye nokuphucula ubulukhuni bayo kunye namandla ayo. Unyango lomphezulu luquka ukugalela i-galvanizing, ukutshiza, ukugquma kunye nezinye iindlela, ezinokuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nobuhle bentsimbi.

3. umgangatho osemgangathweni

Imigangatho yomgangatho wezinto zentsimbi ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Iinkcukacha zezixhobo zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo ziquka imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (umz. ASTM, ISO), imigangatho yaseYurophu (umz. EN), kunye nemigangatho yesizwe (umz. GB, JIS). Intsimbi ekhethiweyo efanelekayo inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuthembeka kwayo.