Isingeniso sezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko

1. Izici eziyinhloko zezinto zensimbi nezensimbi kanye nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza

①Insimbi Yekhabhoni

Insimbi yekhabhoni iyinto yensimbi ne-ferric carbon alloy equkethe izakhi zekhabhoni, ngokuvamile equkethe phakathi kuka-0.12% no-2.0%. Ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuhlukile, insimbi yekhabhoni ihlukaniswe yaba insimbi yekhabhoni ephansi (okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungaphansi kuka-0.3%), insimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi (okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungu-0.3% -0.6%) kanye nensimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu (okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungaphezu kuka-0.6%). Insimbi yekhabhoni inobucwebe obuhle, ukushibilika kanye nokusebenza kahle, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo, ezingxenyeni zemishini, ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto nakweminye imikhakha.

②Insimbi Yengxubevange

Insimbi ye-alloy iwumkhiqizo wensimbi onezinye izakhi ze-alloy (njenge-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, njll.) ezingezwe ngesisekelo sensimbi yekhabhoni ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zemishini, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Insimbi ye-alloy ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokwengeza kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwezakhi ze-alloy ezahlukene. Isibonelo, insimbi ye-chromium-molybdenum ivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nezindiza, kanti insimbi ye-manganese isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye ezingagugi.

③Insimbi engagqwali

Insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi engagqwali, izingxenye eziyinhloko yi-chromium (ngokuvamile ephakathi kuka-10% no-30%) kanye ne-nickel. Insimbi engagqwali ihlukaniswe ngensimbi engagqwali ye-austenite, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferrite kanye nensimbi engagqwali ye-martensite. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kanye nokucubungula, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezitsheni zasekhishini, ekuhlobiseni izakhiwo, emishinini yamakhemikhali nakwezinye izinkambu.

④Insimbi yesikhunta

Insimbi edayiwe iyinsimbi ekhethekile esetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezikhunta, enobulukhuni obuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokushayisana. Ngokwezidingo zokusetshenziswa kanye nezici zenqubo, insimbi yesikhunta yezimboni ingahlukaniswa ibe yinsimbi yesikhunta ebandayo, insimbi yesikhunta esishisayo, insimbi yepulasitiki edayiwe kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezikhunta zepulasitiki, ezikhunta ezisebenzisa isikhunta kanye neminye imikhakha.

⑤Ipayipi lensimbi

Ipayipi lensimbi uhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elingenalutho, elingahlukaniswa libe yipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe ngokwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ipayipi lensimbi lisetshenziswa kabanzi kuphethiloli, embonini yamakhemikhali, ekukhiqizweni kwemishini, ekwakheni nakweminye imikhakha, linezici zomthamo oqinile wokuthwala, ukumelana okuhle kwengcindezi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lifanelekela indawo enomfutho ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, kanti ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lifanelekela ubunjiniyela obujwayelekile kanye nesakhiwo.

2. Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo

Izakhiwo zezinto zensimbi zingathuthukiswa ngokwelashwa ngokushisa kanye nokwelashwa kobuso. Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kuhlanganisa ukuncibilikisa, ukusha okuvamile, ukucima kanye nezinye izinqubo, ezingalungisa isakhiwo sensimbi futhi zithuthukise ubulukhuni namandla ayo. Ukwelashwa kobuso kuhlanganisa ukugalela nge-galvanizing, ukufafaza, ukumboza kanye nezinye izindlela, ezingathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nobuhle bensimbi.

3. izinga elijwayelekile

Izindinganiso zekhwalithi zezinto zensimbi zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Imininingwane evamile yezinto zensimbi ifaka amazinga omhlaba wonke (isb. ASTM, ISO), amazinga aseYurophu (isb. EN), kanye nezindinganiso zikazwelonke (isb. GB, JIS). Insimbi ekhethiwe efanelekile ingaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo nokuthembeka kwayo.