Cov txheej txheem kho cua sov ntawm cov forgings loj puas nyuaj?

Feem ntau, kev kho cua sov ntawm cov loj Kev ntaus nrigs feem ntau yog ua ke nrog kev txias ntawm cov forgings. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov seem loj ntawm cov forgings loj yog loj thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog qhov nyuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov, vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov qauv me me thiab cov khoom ntawm cov forgings, qee cov forgings yog qhov yooj yim rau cov qhov tsis zoo dawb. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab txo qhov nyuaj, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cua sov ntawm cov forgings loj yog thawj zaug los tiv thaiv cov forgings los ntawm kev tsim cov qhov dawb, txhim kho qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov forgings, thiab kho thiab txhim kho cov qauv me me ntawm cov forgings.

Cov pob dawb hauv cov forgings loj yog cov kab nrib pleb me me hauv cov forgings, nthuav tawm ua cov pob dawb-dawb puag ncig lossis elliptical, nrog rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob peb millimeters mus rau ntau kaum millimeters. Los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov ntaub so ntswg me me, nws tuaj yeem pom tias tsis muaj cov yas deformation hauv thaj chaw sib ze ntawm cov pob dawb. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov pob dawb yog cov pob tawg brittle.

Yog tias muaj cov pob dawb hauv cov forgings, nws yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab poob qis xwb tab sis kuj, vim muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau los ntawm cov pob dawb, ua rau tawg ntawm cov khoom thaum lub sijhawm kho cua sov thiab quenching, lossis tawg tam sim ntawd thaum siv cov khoom, thiab txawm tias ua rau lub tshuab puas tsuaj.

Yog li ntawd, cov pob dawb yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov forgings. Cov xwm txheej kev siv tshuab ntawm cov forgings loj qhia meej tias thaum pom cov pob dawb, lawv yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Muaj ntau lub tswv yim txog kev tsim cov pob dawb. Lub tswv yim tam sim no sib xws dua yog tias cov pob dawb yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua ke ntawm hydrogen hauv cov hlau thiab kev ntxhov siab sab hauv (feem ntau yog kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub koom haum). Yog tsis muaj qee qhov hydrogen thiab kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tseem ceeb, cov pob dawb tsis tuaj yeem tsim.

Thaum lub sijhawm txias tom qab forging ntawm cov forgings, thaum qhov kub txo qis, vim yog kev hloov pauv ntawm austenite, ntxiv rau kev tsim kev ntxhov siab sab hauv (feem ntau yog kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub koom haum) sab hauv cov forgings, qhov solubility ntawm hydrogen hauv cov hlau kuj txo qis. Lub sijhawm no, kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ua rau dislocations sib sau ua ke ntawm cov ciam teb sub-grain thiab tsim cov kab nrib pleb sub-microscopic. Thaum cov hydrogen atoms desorb thiab precipitate los ntawm cov khoom khov kho mus rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb sub-microscopic, cov hydrogen atoms sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov hydrogen molecules hauv cov kab nrib pleb thiab tsim kom muaj kev nyuaj siab tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thaj chaw brittle hauv zos nrog cov ntsiab lus hydrogen siab hauv cov hlau, nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub koom haum thiab kev ntxhov siab hydrogen precipitation, cov kab nrib pleb sub-microscopic txuas ntxiv nthuav dav kom txog thaum lawv tawg, ua rau muaj cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv zoo heev, yog li tsim cov pob dawb.

Cov txheej txheem kho cua sov ntawm cov khoom forging loj puas nyuaj? Cov ntsiab lus saum toj no yog qhov kev taw qhia tseem ceeb hauv qhov no. Vam tias yuav pab tau txhua tus.