China Suppliers Factory 1045 Steel S45C G10450 AISI 1045 - Medium Carbon Steel with Good Weldability and Machinability
General Characteristics
1045/C45 steel is defined as medium carbon steel which has 0.4%-0.5% Carbon. It offers good weldability, good machinability, high strength and impact properties, but low in hardenability because of lack of suitable alloying elements.
Designation by Standards
| Mat. No. | DIN | EN | AISI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0503 | C45 | - | 1045 |
Chemical Composition (in weight %)
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ni | V | W | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.46 | max. 0.40 | 0.65 | max. 0.40 | max. 0.10 | max. 0.40 | - | - | (Cr+Mo+Ni) = max. 0.63 |
Description & Applications
C45 is a medium carbon steel used when greater strength and hardness is desired than in the “as rolled” condition. Extreme size accuracy, straightness and concentricity combine to minimize wear in high speed applications. Turned, ground and polished.
Quenched and subsequently tempered steel for screws, forgings, wheel tires, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, wood working drills, hammers, etc.
Physical Properties
Average values at ambient temperature:
- Modulus of elasticity [103 x N/mm2]: 205
- Density [g/cm3]: 7.85
- Specific heat capacity [J/g.K]: 0.48
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion 10-6 °C-1
| 20-100 °C | 20-250 °C | 20-500 °C |
|---|---|---|
| 11.5 | 13.0 | 14.0 |
Heat Treatment
Heat to 680-710°C, cool slowly in furnace. This will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 207.
Normalizing temperature: 840-880°C/air.
Harden from a temperature of 820-860°C followed by water or oil quenching.
Tempering temperature: 550-660°C/air.
Mechanical Properties
Mechanical Properties in Quenched + Tempered Condition
| Diameter d (mm) | Thickness t (mm) | 0.2 % proof stress (N/mm²) | Tensile strength (N/mm²) | Elongation A5 (%) | Reduction Z (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <16 | <8 | min. 490 | 700-850 | min. 14 | min. 35 |
| <17-40 | <8<=20 | min. 430 | 650-800 | min. 16 | min. 40 |
| <41-100 | <20<=60 | min. 370 | 630-780 | min. 17 | min. 45 |
Mechanical Properties in Normalized Condition
| Diameter d (mm) | Thickness t (mm) | 0.2% proof stress (N/mm²) | Tensile strength (N/mm²) | Elongation A5 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <16 | <16 | min. 390 | min. 620 | min. 14 |
| <17-100 | <16<=100 | min. 305 | min. 305 | min. 16 |
| <101-250 | <100<250 | min. 275 | min. 560 | min. 16 |
Forging
Diagram Tempering Temperature – Mechanical Properties Forging:
Hot forming temperature: 1050-850°C.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is 1045/C45 steel?
1045/C45 steel is a medium carbon steel containing 0.4% to 0.5% carbon. It features good weldability, good machinability, high strength, and impact properties, but possesses low hardenability due to the absence of suitable alloying elements.
What are the typical applications of C45 steel?
C45 steel is typically quenched and tempered for use in components like screws, forgings, wheel tires, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, wood working drills, and hammers.
What are the heat treatment parameters for C45 steel?
C45 heat treatment includes soft annealing at 680-710°C (cool in furnace), normalizing at 840-880°C (cool in air), hardening at 820-860°C (water or oil quench), and tempering at 550-660°C (cool in air).
What is the maximum hardness achieved after soft annealing?
Soft annealing C45 steel by heating to 680-710°C followed by a slow furnace cooling will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 207.
What is the forging temperature for C45 steel?
The hot forming temperature range for forging C45 steel is between 1050°C and 850°C.