China Suppliers Factory 1045 S45C G10450 AISI 1045 Medium Carbon Steel with High Strength and Weldability
General Characteristics
1045/C45 steel is defined as medium carbon steel which has 0.4%-0.5% Carbon. It offers good weldability, good machinability, high strength and impact properties, but low in hardenability because of lack of suitable alloying elements.
Designation by Standards
| Mat. No. | DIN | EN | AISI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0503 | C45 | - | 1045 |
Chemical Composition (in weight %)
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ni | V | W | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.46 | max. 0.40 | 0.65 | max. 0.40 | max. 0.10 | max. 0.40 | - | - | (Cr+Mo+Ni) = max. 0.63 |
Description & Applications
Description
C45 is a medium carbon steel used when greater strength and hardness is desired than in the “as rolled” condition. Extreme size accuracy, straightness and concentricity combine to minimize wear in high speed applications. Turned, ground and polished.
Applications
Quenched and subsequently tempered steel for screws, forgings, wheel tires, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, wood working drills, hammers, etc.
Physical Properties
- Modulus of elasticity [103 x N/mm2]: 205
- Density [g/cm3]: 7.85
- Specific heat capacity [J/g.K]: 0.48
- Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion [10-6 °C-1]:
| 20-100 oC | 20-250 oC | 20-500 oC |
|---|---|---|
| 11.5 | 13.0 | 14.0 |
Heat Treatment & Processing
Soft Annealing
Heat to 680-710°C, cool slowly in furnace. This will produce a maximum Brinell hardness of 207.
Normalizing
Normalizing temperature: 840-880°C/air.
Hardening
Harden from a temperature of 820-860°C followed by water or oil quenching.
Tempering
Tempering temperature: 550-660°C/air.
Forging (Hot Forming)
Hot forming temperature: 1050-850°C.
Mechanical Properties
Mechanical Properties in Quenched + Tempered Condition
| Diameter d (mm) | Thickness t (mm) | 0.2 % proof stress (N/mm²) | Tensile strength (N/mm²) | Elongation A5 (%) | Reduction Z (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <16 | <8 | min. 490 | 700-850 | min. 14 | min. 35 |
| <17-40 | <8<=20 | min. 430 | 650-800 | min. 16 | min. 40 |
| <41-100 | <20<=60 | min. 370 | 630-780 | min. 17 | min. 45 |
Mechanical Properties in Normalized Condition
| Diameter d (mm) | Thickness t (mm) | 0.2% proof stress (N/mm²) | Tensile strength (N/mm²) | Elongation A5 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <16 | <16 | min. 390 | min. 620 | min. 14 |
| <17-100 | <16<=100 | min. 305 | min. 305 | min. 16 |
| <101-250 | <100<250 | min. 275 | min. 560 | min. 16 |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is 1045/C45 steel?
1045/C45 steel is a medium carbon steel containing 0.4% to 0.5% carbon. It is characterized by good weldability, good machinability, high strength, and impact properties, though it exhibits low hardenability due to the lack of alloying elements.
What are the primary applications of C45 steel?
C45 steel is commonly used in quenched and tempered conditions for manufacturing screws, forgings, wheel tires, shafts, sickles, axes, knives, wood working drills, and hammers.
What are the heat treatment temperatures for C45 steel?
The heat treatment parameters include Soft Annealing at 680-710°C, Normalizing at 840-880°C (air cooled), Hardening at 820-860°C (water or oil quenched), and Tempering at 550-660°C (air cooled).
What is the density and modulus of elasticity of C45 steel?
At ambient temperatures, C45 steel has a density of 7.85 g/cm³, a modulus of elasticity of 205 x 10³ N/mm², and a specific heat capacity of 0.48 J/g.K.
What is the forging temperature range for C45 steel?
The hot forming temperature range for forging C45 steel is between 1050°C and 850°C.
How does C45 steel compare to standard low carbon steel?
C45 steel is a medium carbon steel used when greater strength and hardness are desired than in the standard "as rolled" low carbon steel conditions. It is frequently turned, ground, and polished to minimize wear in high-speed applications.